Digital transformation of socio-technical systems: changes at the macro, meso, micro levels based of artificial intelligence or augmented reality

Schewe Gerhard, Huzig Stefan, Gumerova Guzel, Shaymieva Elmira

Abstract
Digital transformation based on Industry 4.0 is the subject of this study at the macro, meso, and micro levels. The “macro level of digital changes” refers to technological changes in IT, production, services, materials and materials science, nanotechnology, photonics, as well as socio-economic mega-trends. The “meso level of digital changes” refers to changes at the level of business models of enterprises participating in the development of the digital economy on a global scale (for example, such companies as UBER, Airbnb, online exchange platforms or new games like Pokemon GO). The “micro level of digital changes” refers to changes at the level of specific (local) enterprises operating in a particular market, when enterprises solve issues related to change management, resistance to change caused by changes in digital transformation. The conclusions of the study formulated by the authors can be used to develop the Russian practice of digital economy management.